The Ralph Howard Phillips kiln was a working "Southern Groundhog" kiln located in Jay Florida. Phillips built the kiln about 1945. Phillips and his wife, Abby Johnson Phillips, developed a pottery business that used the kiln primarily to produce churns, crocks, rabbit feeders and garden pottery made from local clay with an albany slip applied. The market was also local.
Below is an event timeline for construction and the first firing:
- 02/26/2008
- Reconstruction of the Phillips groundhog kiln was begun.
John Rezner, noted potter from Fairhope Alabama, is heading up the project.
- 03/28/2008
- John Rezner and crew resumed work on the Groundhog kiln on Sunday and Monday. Preparations are being made to put the arch on the kiln.
- 04/18/2008
- The long awaited rails arrived for the groundhog kiln. Work resumed Saturday afternoon and all day Sunday.
- 01/09/2009
- The finishing touches on the reconstruction for the Phillips kiln resumed on Jan.9th. and continued through the 11th. Poles have been set for the cover and the first layer of clay has been cast over the arch. A second layer was added Jan 10. The bricks from the historical Phillips kiln were cleaned and prepared for installation over the firebrick. Members also split and stacked firewood for the inaugural firing.
- 02/12/2009
- Loading the kiln for first firing begins.
- 02/12/2009
- Dedication Ceremony and Inaugural Ignition. Stoking and firing begins.
- 02/15--18/2009
- Firing and stoking continues with crews working shifts through 24 hours. The kiln temperature is gradually brought and held to a level for clay vitrification and ash-to-glaze transmutation.
- 02/18--28/2009
- Wood stoking ends and the kiln is allowed to slowly cool.
- 02/28/2009
- The kiln is opened. The 4th Annual WoodStoke Pottery festival is held. Chili is served!
In December 2005, at 7507 Buckeye Road, Holley, Florida the Gulf Coast Kiln Walk Society celebrated the inaugural firing of its newly constructed 32’ wood-fueled Anagama kiln. Among others in attendance were renowned ceramic artists Don Reitz and Brian Harper.
On November 29, 2005 loading commenced in preparation for firing. Then on December 3, the massive Anagama kiln, which holds upwards of 800 pieces, was lit for the first time.
While firing, the kiln requires round-the-clock care and feeding. A team of about 20 work in four- to six- hour shifts adding wood and monitoring the fire which is contained within the kiln and glows so bright it can be seen from nearly half mile away. Workers drop about six cords of wood into the kiln during the weeklong firing process.
One cord of wood is 4’ x 4’ x 8’ (neatly stacked) – or about a truckload. Furthermore, a single cord of wood releases the heat equivalent to what is produced by a ton of coal or 200 gallons of fuel oil. This helps the kiln to reach the optimum firing level of 2,400 degrees.
The Anagama is allowed to cool for about a week leading up to the kiln opening ceremony. This is when workshop participants, artists, and the Gulf Coast community catch their first glimpse of the wares inside. It’s difficult to know exactly what they’ll find, except that no two pots will look the same.
Wood-burning kilns produce colors and effects that can’t be achieved any other way. Variables such as airflow, positioning of the pots, kind of clay used and sometimes plain chance make every piece unique. Everyone is always amazed by the beauty uncovered when the kiln is opened.
Local potters Brenda and Marty Stokes, are the masterminds, project leaders and whip-cracking overseers behind the Anagama project.
Stokes emphasized that this firing event draws on community, as has the process leading up to it. In 2004, for example, the Gulf Coast Kiln Walk Society grounds became a revolving door for artists and local residents interested in the construction of the Anagama kiln.
In addition to the actual event, the presence of Don Reitz and Brian Harper was attraction itself. Brian, former assistant to Don, led the workshop to build the Gulf Coast Kiln Walk Society Anagama. They were both present for the workshop and slide presentations and for the historic lighting ceremony December 3rd, 2005.
Plans are that the Anagama kiln will be fired roughly once a year. Other projects, e.g. construction of the Phillips groundhog kiln (below), might interfere with this plan. See pictures of other firings (2006, 2008) and videos of the first firing on the media page.